Monday 17 February 2014

AtomicInteger Java 7 vs Java 8

Atomic Integer is interesting class, it is used for building many lock free algorithm. Infact JDK locks are also build using ideas from Atomic datatypes.

As name suggest it is used for doing atomic increment/decremented, so you don't have to use locks, it will use processor level instruction to do so.
It is based on Compare-and-swap instruction.

Issue with CAS
CAS works on optimistic approach, it expects some failure, so it will retry operation, so in theory if there is no contention then it should work pretty fast.

There is another alternate way of doing same thing using Fetch-and-add.
Fetch-and-add is very different from CAS, it is not based on re-try loops.

Dave Dice compares CAS vs Fetch-and-add in atomic_fetch_and_add_vs blog, i can't explain better than this, so i will copy content from his blog


  1. CAS is "optimistic" and admits failure, whereas XADD does not. With XADD there's no explicit window of vulnerability to remote interference, and thus no need for a retry loop. Arguably, XADD has better progress properties, assuming the underlying XADD implementation doesn't have an implicit loop, but even in that case the window would be narrower than with Load;Φ;CAS.
  2. Lets say you were trying to increment a variable with the usual Load;INC;CAS loop. When the CAS starts failing with sufficient frequency you can find that the branch to exit the loop (normally taken under no or light contention) starts to predict toward the failure path. So when the CAS ultimately succeeds, you'll incur a branch mispredict, which can be quite painful on processors with deep pipelines and lots of out-of-order speculative machinery. Typically, this is in a piece of code where you don't want a long stall. There's no loop and no such issues with XADD.
Since fetch-and-add has predictable progress properties, so it is used for developing waiting free algorithms.
Unfortunately JDK 7 does not have support for fetch-and-add, one more reason why C++ people will be happy that C++ is great!


As we all know things do change & java community decided to added support for fetch-and-add in JDK8, one more good reason to migrate to JDK8.

In this blog i will compare performance of AtomicInteger from JDK7 & 8

Atomic Integer - JDK 7 vs JDK 8

In this test i increment counter 10 Million times with different number of threads. Thread numbers are increased to see how counter performs under contention.



X Axis - No of Threads
Y Axis - Ops/Second - Higher is better

JDK8 counter is winner in this case, best performance is when there is no contention , for JDK7 it is 80 MOPS but for JDK8 it close to 130 MOPS.
For single thread difference is not much , JDK8 is around 0.5 times faster but as contention increases performance JDK7 counter starts falling.

I will put another graph by removing 1 thread number, so that we can clearly see how these counter performs.


This gives better idea of how slow JDK7 atomic integer is, for 8 threads JDK8 counter is around 3.5X times faster.

Dive Into Code

JDK 8 - AtomicInteger
public final int getAndIncrement() {
        return unsafe.getAndAddInt(this, valueOffset, 1);
    }

JDK7 - AtomicInteger
 public final int getAndIncrement() {
        for (;;) {
            int current = get();
            int next = current + 1;
            if (compareAndSet(current, next))
                return current;
        }
    }

JDK8 is using new function(getAndAddInt) from unsafe to do the magic. Unsafe has become more useful!

Dive in Assembly
To just confirm that all performance again is coming from fetch-and-add i had look at assembly generated.

JDK 8 
0x0000000002cf49c7: mov    %rbp,0x10(%rsp)
  0x0000000002cf49cc: mov    $0x1,%eax
  0x0000000002cf49d1: lock xadd %eax,0xc(%rdx)  ;*invokevirtual getAndAddInt
                                                ; - java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger::incrementAndGet@8 (line 186)


JDK 7

0x0000000002c207f5: lock cmpxchg %r8d,0xc(%rdx)
  0x0000000002c207fb: sete   %r11b
  0x0000000002c207ff: movzbl %r11b,%r11d        ;*invokevirtual compareAndSwapInt
                                                ; - java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger::compareAndSet@9 (line 135)
                                                ; - java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger::incrementAndGet@12 (line 206)

  
Conclusion
Introduction of fetch-and-add type of feature in java will make it more suitable for high performance computing, we will see more wait free algorithm in java

Code used for testing is available @ AtomicCounterTest
Just compile for jdk7/8 and execute it.

 Integer Java Class Example

229 comments:

  1. All your blogs are interesting and informative. Attaching code snippets is a great add on.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Good to hear that you find is useful.
    I do add link to GitHub that has code, I avoid adding code snippets to keep blog small, but try to include some in future post.

    ReplyDelete
  3. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  4. According to wiki https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch-and-add a consensus number is equal to 2. My understanding of that fact is that only up to 2 threads can act on a shared AtomicInteger without some waiting/congestion.
    How would you explain significant drop in performance of fetch-and-add between 1 and 2 threads (and not between 2 and 3).
    Similarly, why fetch-and-add performance degradation while comparing 2 threads with 3 threads is of same magnitude as when comparing 3 and 4 threads?

    ReplyDelete
  5. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  6. I checked unsafe.getAndAddInt implementation in Java 8 and it is still using compareAndSwap:
    public final int getAndAddInt(Object var1, long var2, int var4) {
    int var5;
    do {
    var5 = this.getIntVolatile(var1, var2);
    } while(!this.compareAndSwapInt(var1, var2, var5, var5 + var4));

    return var5;
    }

    I'm not sure where you're taking the information about the fetch and add

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. I wrote short blog post to answer this question.
      http://ashkrit.blogspot.com/2017/07/java-intrinsic-magic.html

      Delete
  7. Super blog and very interesting information which I always wanted to search many article but you article is really fantastic.

    graphic designer in dubai

    ReplyDelete
  8. I’ve read several good stuff here. Definitely price bookmarking for revisiting. I wonder how a lot effort you put to create this sort of wonderful informative web site.
    Nadkaar - Dubai Website Design

    ReplyDelete
  9. Really informative and helpful blog. It gives a clear view of Java 7 and 8.
    SEO experts Dubai

    ReplyDelete
  10. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  11. good one, im waiting for more articlest like this. keep up the good work.
    SEO Dubai

    ReplyDelete
  12. This blog is really helpful regarding all educational knowledge I earned. It covered a great area of subject which can assist a lot of needy people. Everything mentioned here is clear and very useful.
    Content marketing montreal

    ReplyDelete
  13. Awesome post dude its so much informative for the followers and so much helpful also.I appreciate you for this great post.Thanks for sharing.Keep it up.

    Mobile App Development company Jordan | Digital Marketing Company Jordan | Blockchain Development Company in Jordan | Web Development Company in Jordan

    ReplyDelete
  14. Your blog is very informative and gracefully and your guideline is very good.Thank you
    Web Development Company in Bangalore, Ecommerce Website Development Company India

    ReplyDelete
  15. Thanks for sharing the great post.
    SMS is a great way of doing marketing. Many business giants are using text messaging to increase their sales.

    ReplyDelete
  16. I found this post interesting and worth reading. Keep going and putting efforts into good things.
    Yasir Jamal - Web design Dubai

    ReplyDelete
  17. I have been reading your blogs and I really started liking it.
    SEO Dubai

    ReplyDelete
  18. This is really interesting post,Appreciate the effort in educating us. We do provide
    Web Design Company in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  19. Hey Thanks for sharing this valuable information with us. I will come back to your site and keep sharing this information with us.pandaexpress.com/feedback

    ReplyDelete
  20. Hi,

    Thanks for sharing a very interesting article about AtomicInteger Java 7 vs Java 8. This is very useful information for online blog review readers. Keep it up such a nice posting like this.

    Regards,
    WondersMind,
    Best Website Design Company in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete

  21. ACME SURVEY
    : Step by Step Guide to take ACME customer satisfaction survey. Enjoy free coupons which can allow you to buy free things on next visit.
    Ready to win rewards? The latest & Updated Step by Step Guide for ACME survey online

    ReplyDelete
  22. Hey I loved the way you shared the valuable information with the community. I would say that please continue these efforts and we want to hear more from you.pandaexpress.com/feedbacktalktowendys

    ReplyDelete
  23. To find the best short term rentals in dubai i will suggest you to visit the MEX Short Term Rentals Dubai office if you're looking to plan you vacations soon in Dubai.

    ReplyDelete
  24. Thanks for sharing your ideas. I was desperately waiting for such posts. I really appreciate your efforts and I will be waiting for your further write ups thanks once again.Seo Expert in Pakistan

    ReplyDelete
  25. It’s hard to come by experienced people about this subject, but you seem like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
    getmyoffersguide.com

    ReplyDelete
  26. Πολύ μεγάλο άρθρο. Σας ευχαριστώ. Μπορεί όλα τα καλά πράγματα να έρχονται σε σας. Αντίο

    Bồn ngâm massage chân

    Bồn ngâm chân

    Có nên dùng bồn ngâm chân

    Cách sử dụng bồn ngâm chân

    ReplyDelete
  27. Nice post!Everything about the future(giá nhà khung thép) is uncertain, but one thing is certain: God has set tomorrow for all of us(tấm bê tông siêu nhẹ). We must now trust him and in this regard, you must be(chi phí xây dựng nhà khung thép) very patient.

    ReplyDelete
  28. Hey Thanks for sharing this valuable information with us. I will come back to your site and keep sharing this information with us.
    Captions
    captions
    Captions
    captions

    ReplyDelete
  29. Amazing website. Great information provided. Learned a lot. Thank you
    https://platinumoffersonline.com/

    ReplyDelete
  30. Lets state you were attempting to increase a variable with the typical Load;INC;CAS circle. At the point when the CAS begins falling flat with adequate recurrence you can find that the branch to leave the circle (ordinarily taken under no or light conflict) begins to anticipate toward the disappointment way. So when the CAS at sareen air last succeeds, you'll bring about a branch mispredict, which can be very difficult on processors with profound pipelines and bunches of out-of-request theoretical apparatus. Ordinarily, this is in a bit of code where you don't need a long slow down. There's no circle and no such issues with XADD.

    ReplyDelete
  31. What an amazing post you written really love the post please do tell me how to subscribe your blog as and one more thing visit https://kroger-feedback-survey.com/ and win free $5000 gift cards for Kroger grocery stores to shop for free.

    ReplyDelete
  32. ඔබේ කාර්යය සෑම විටම හොඳයි, වඩාත් රසවත් ලිපි තිබිය යුතුය.

    cần mua chó Poodle

    cách nuôi chó Poodle

    đặc điểm chó Poodle

    Nguồn gốc chó Poodle

    ReplyDelete
  33. Hi blogger, i must say you have hi quality articles here.
    Your website can go viral. You need initial traffic boost only.
    How to get it? Search for; make your content go viral Wrastain’s tools
    web application development company in India | ecommerce web development

    ReplyDelete
  34. នេះគឺជាផ្នែកមួយនៃអត្ថបទដ៏ត្រជាក់បំផុតនៃសតវត្សទី។ សូមអរគុណចំពោះការចែករំលែក។ សូមជូនពរអ្នកអោយមានសំណាងនិងជោគជ័យ!

    C.ty bán cửa lưới tại huyện Đông Anh

    Đại lý cửa lưới chống muỗi tại Quảng Ninh

    Siêu thị cửa lưới chống muỗi tại Linh Đàm

    Siêu thị bán cửa chống muỗi phường Phương Mai

    ReplyDelete
  35. Ցանկանում եմ շնորհակալություն հայտնել ձեզ: Շատ հետաքրքիր եւ հետաքրքիր հոդված ստեղծելու համար: Good luck

    lều xông hơi loại nào tốt

    lều xông hơi cá nhân

    bán lều xông hơi

    mua lều xông hơi ở đâu

    ReplyDelete
  36. GCC web hosting is a leading web hosting and domain registrar in the heart of UAE, Dubai.

    ReplyDelete
  37. Wonderful blog post. I was viewing continuously this website and I am satisfied! Highly beneficial information particularly the last part. I take care of this kind of information much. I was seeking this specific information for a long time. Thanks and good luck.
    Management your google Ads

    ReplyDelete
  38. It’s hard to come by experienced people about this subject, but you seem like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
    https://myinstantofferonline.com/
    https://www.peryourhealthonline.com/
    https://www.myindigocardoffer.com/

    ReplyDelete
  39. Nice.

    Freshpani is providing online water delivery service currently in BTM, Bangalore you can find more details at Freshpani.com
    Online Water Delivery | Bangalore Drinking Water Home Delivery Service | Packaged Drinking Water | Bottled Water Supplier

    ReplyDelete
  40. ನಿಮ್ಮ ಕುಟುಂಬ ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರೀತಿಪಾತ್ರರ ಜೊತೆ ನಿಮಗೆ ಹೊಸ ಮತ್ತು ಸಂತೋಷದ ಹೊಸ ವಾರ ಶುಭಾಶಯಗಳು. ಲೇಖನವನ್ನು ಹಂಚಿಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಧನ್ಯವಾದಗಳು

    lều xông hơi mini

    mua lều xông hơi ở đâu

    lều xông hơi gia đình

    bán lều xông hơi

    xông hơi hồng ngoại

    ReplyDelete
  41. Një artikull shumë interesant dhe interesant. Faleminderit për ndarjen

    Phụ kiện tủ bếp
    Phụ kiện tủ bếp cao cấp

    ReplyDelete
  42. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hairclinic.pk

    ReplyDelete
  43. Hey, I loved the way you shared the valuable information with the community. I would say that please continue these efforts and we want to hear more from you.
    HamzaAndHamzaTaxReturns

    ReplyDelete
  44. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  45. This is a decent post. This post gives genuinely quality data. I'm certainly going to investigate it. Actually quite valuable tips are given here. Much obliged to you to such an extent. Keep doing awesome. To know more information about
    Contact us :- https://www.login4ites.com/

    ReplyDelete
  46. It is brilliant substance. I for the most part visit numerous locales however your site has something unique highlights. I for the most part visit on your site. Best Seo Tips
    Contact us- https://myseokhazana.com

    ReplyDelete
  47. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hairclinic.pk

    ReplyDelete
  48. """I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hairclinic.pk

    ReplyDelete
  49. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hairclinic.pk"

    ReplyDelete
  50. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hair transplant pakistan

    ReplyDelete
  51. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hair transplant in pakistan

    ReplyDelete
  52. """I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hair transplant pakistan

    ReplyDelete
  53. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    hair transplant in pakistan

    ReplyDelete
  54. I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    Rent a car from Saifal Muluk lake

    ReplyDelete
  55. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    Rent a car from Islamabad to Skardu

    ReplyDelete
  56. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    Rent a car from Islamabad to Kashgar

    ReplyDelete
  57. I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    Rent a car from Islamabad to Kashmir tour

    ReplyDelete
  58. I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    SEO Company London

    ReplyDelete
  59. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    yourcar.pk

    ReplyDelete
  60. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    rent a car in islamabad

    ReplyDelete
  61. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    rent a car islamabad without driver

    ReplyDelete
  62. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    SeoMagician.co.uk

    ReplyDelete
  63. "I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader...

    seomagician.co.uk

    ReplyDelete
  64. I loved the post, keep posting interesting posts. I will be a regular reader


    https://talkwithstranger.com/

    ReplyDelete
  65. Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. After all, I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you write again soon!

    Sunglasses price in Pakistan

    ReplyDelete
  66. Thanks for sharing this information. In my opinion, JDK8 counter is winner in this case, i would say best performance is when there is no contention.
    Pls Xpectations

    ReplyDelete
  67. Really it is a very nice topic and Very significant Information for us, I have think the representation of this Information is actually super one. . new metro city saraialamgir loction

    ReplyDelete
  68. Really it is a very nice topic and Very significant Information for us, I have think the representation of this Information is actually super one. . SEO Services Monthly

    ReplyDelete
  69. It so good idea so i appreciate it and its a good thingstore of generators

    ReplyDelete
  70. i think it is very best thing and it s better for us so visit itNo.1 monthly seo services

    ReplyDelete
  71. I think it is so good thing so it is very useful forn you Monthly Seo Servic

    ReplyDelete
  72. Appreciating the hard work you put into your site and detailed information you offer. It’s nice to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same out of date rehashed materialSDMO generators

    ReplyDelete
  73. its really great information Thanks For sharing new metro city

    ReplyDelete
  74. its really great information Thanks For sharing new metro city

    ReplyDelete
  75. Amazing it is a very helpful topic and Very significant Information for us, thanks for sharing new metro city

    ReplyDelete
  76. Very nice article, very informative and provides alot of insight of the project. new metro city

    ReplyDelete
  77. I have recently started a blog, the info you provide on this site has helped me greatly in blogging. Thanks for all of your work and time Lookfantastic copoun

    ReplyDelete
  78. your article so good, but more search on this topic. new metro city

    ReplyDelete
  79. Great Article, i was really confused about this but because of the information provided i can easily make a decision now.new metro city

    ReplyDelete
  80. Nice information. Thanks for sharing such an amazing article. For Latest News and updates please visit our website: TV9 Marathi Media News

    ReplyDelete
  81. This blog is useful as well as informative. Keep sharing such blogs I really like your posts Wireless Bluetooth Earbud

    ReplyDelete
  82. This blog is useful as well as informative. Keep sharing such blogs I really like your postsAwok Coupon code

    ReplyDelete
  83. Your article was very informative and helpful. Thanks for sharing this valuable information with us Keep Blogging.
    hair cutting scissors
    dog grooming scissors

    ReplyDelete
  84. I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article.
    tell the bell

    ReplyDelete
  85. I learn some new stuff from it too, thanks for your information.
    Kroger feedback survey

    ReplyDelete
  86. Very Informative topic I liked it very much. You have covered the topic in detail thumbs up. Economy Tarpaulin

    ReplyDelete
  87. It’s nice to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same out of date rehashed materialRoofing NYC

    ReplyDelete
  88. This blog is useful as well as informative. Keep sharing such blogs I really like your postsAccounting software

    ReplyDelete
  89. This blog is useful as well as informative. Keep sharing such blogs I really like your postsinfluencer marketing agency

    ReplyDelete
  90. Your blog is great! I really enjoyed reading it, it has helped me very muchTop law firm in Lahore

    ReplyDelete
  91. Hi There, love your site layout and especially the way you wrote everything. Bahria town peshawar

    ReplyDelete
  92. Thanks for sharing this information virtual office address

    ReplyDelete
  93. I have recently started a blog, the info you provide on this site has helped me greatly in
    blogging. Thanks for all of your work and timeCommercial Roofing Queens

    ReplyDelete
  94. Desktop as a service (DaaS) is a cloud computing offering in which a third party hosts the back end of a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) deployment.
    With DaaS, desktop operating systems run inside virtual machines on servers in a cloud provider's data center. All the necessary support infrastructure, including storage and network resources, also lives in the cloud. As with on-premises VDI, a DaaS provider streams virtual desktops over a network to a customer's endpoint devices, where end users may access them through client software or a web browser.
    How does desktop as a service work?
    DaaS architecture is multi-tenant, and organizations purchase the service through a subscription model -- typically based on the number of virtual desktop instances used per month.
    In the desktop-as-a-service delivery model, the cloud computing provider manages the back-end responsibilities of data storage, backup, security and upgrades. While the provider handles all the back-end infrastructure costs and maintenance, customers usually manage their own virtual desktop images, applications and security, unless those desktop management services are part of the subscription.
    Typically, an end user's personal data is copied to and from their virtual desktop during logon and logoff, and access to the desktop is device-, location- and network-independent.
    VDI vs. DaaS
    Desktop as a service provides all the advantages of virtual desktop infrastructure, including remote worker support, improved security and ease of desktop management.
    Further, DaaS aims to provide additional cost benefits. Deploying VDI in-house requires a significant upfront investment in compute, storage and network infrastructure. Those costs have decreased, however, thanks to the emergence of converged and hyper-converged infrastructure systems purpose-built for VDI.
    With DaaS, on the other hand, organizations pay no upfront costs. They only pay for the virtual desktops they use each month. Over time, however, these subscription costs can add up and eventually be higher than the capital expenses of deploying on-premises VDI.
    Additionally, some advanced virtual desktop management capabilities may not be available for certain DaaS deployments, depending on the provider.
    desktop as a service

    ReplyDelete
  95. Professional mobile app development on IOS, Android, or Windows 10 as stand alone, cross platform or hybrid solutions.

    ReplyDelete
  96. Back in August, we announced on our blog that we had acquired celebrity chef David Myers and his 3 new Dubai restaurants, Bleu Blanc, BASTA!, and Poppy. https://katchinternational.com/

    ReplyDelete
  97. cumins generator in pakistan

    http://hnl.com.pk/

    If you are looking for cumins generator in pakistan, then you are at right place. HNL is one of the leading MS vendors in the country, working with all major telecom operators in Pakistan, maintaining around 12000 BTS and 20 Core sites.
    info@hnl.com.pk

    ReplyDelete
  98. Desktop as a service (DaaS) is a cloud computing offering in which a third party hosts the back end of a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) deployment.

    With DaaS, desktop operating systems run inside virtual machines on servers in a cloud provider's data center. All the necessary support infrastructure, including storage and network resources, also lives in the cloud. As with on-premises VDI, a DaaS provider streams virtual desktops over a network to a customer's endpoint devices, where end users may access them through client software or a web browser.

    How does desktop as a service work?
    DaaS architecture is multi-tenant, and organizations purchase the service through a subscription model -- typically based on the number of virtual desktop instances used per month.

    In the desktop-as-a-service delivery model, the cloud computing provider manages the back-end responsibilities of data storage, backup, security and upgrades. While the provider handles all the back-end infrastructure costs and maintenance, customers usually manage their own virtual desktop images, applications and security, unless those desktop management Desktop as a Services ervices are part of the subscription.

    Typically, an end user's personal data is copied to and from their virtual desktop during logon and logoff, and access to the desktop is device-, location- and network-independent.

    VDI vs. DaaS
    Desktop as a service provides all the advantages of virtual desktop infrastructure, including remote worker support, improved security and ease of desktop management.

    Further, DaaS aims to provide additional cost benefits. Deploying VDI in-house requires a significant upfront investment in compute, storage and network infrastructure. Those costs have decreased, however, thanks to the emergence of converged and hyper-converged infrastructure systems purpose-built for VDI.

    With DaaS, on the other hand, organizations pay no upfront costs. They only pay for the virtual desktops they use each month. Over time, however, these subscription costs can add up and eventually be higher than the capital expenses of deploying on-premises VDI.

    Additionally, some advanced virtual desktop management capabilities may not be available for certain DaaS deployments, depending on the provider.

    ReplyDelete
  99. Appreciating the hard work you put into your site and detailed information you offer. It’s nice to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same out of date rehashed material Shed Base

    ReplyDelete
  100. Well this is awesome and well shared by you. I really like your posts here. Thank you and keep sharing. :)

    ReplyDelete
  101. http://ashkrit.blogspot.com/2014/02/atomicinteger-java-7-vs-java-8.html

    ReplyDelete
  102. Thanks for posting this article. I will share this to my circle VRIT College

    ReplyDelete
  103. Thanks for posting this article. I will share this to my circle VRIT College

    ReplyDelete
  104. Your blog is very informative and gracefully and your guideline is very good.Thank you!!
    hire ai developers in India
    hire iot app developers in india

    ReplyDelete
  105. Customer satisfaction is the most important factor that is rarely found in other trading services that are providing cargo services in Dubai to Pakistan. It also brings out the profit to the company along with the comeback of the customers for more Cargo services.

    ReplyDelete
  106. When your website or blog goes live for the first time, it is exciting. That is until you realize no one but you and your. MySQL Tutorial

    ReplyDelete
  107. I appreciate your time invested on this article , too bad it took me this long to find it but as they simply sound out a good is hard to find. Keep it up.
    Here are the best seo services bangalore|
    seo company bangalore|
    seo experts in bangalore|
    android app developer in bangalore|
    android app development company in bangalore|

    ReplyDelete
  108. Great with detailed information. It is really very helpful for us.
    Village Talkies a top-quality professional corporate video production company in Bangalore and also best explainer video company in Bangalore & animation video makers in Bangalore, Chennai, India & Maryland, Baltimore, USA provides Corporate & Brand films, Promotional, Marketing videos & Training videos, Product demo videos, Employee videos, Product video explainers, eLearning videos, 2d Animation, 3d Animation, Motion Graphics, Whiteboard Explainer videos Client Testimonial Videos, Video Presentation and more for all start-ups, industries, and corporate companies. From scripting to corporate video production services, explainer & 3d, 2d animation video production , our solutions are customized to your budget, timeline, and to meet the company goals and objectives.
    As a best video production company in Bangalore, we produce quality and creative videos to our clients.

    ReplyDelete
  109. Thanks for sharing
    Village Talkies a top-quality professional corporate video production company in Bangalore and also best explainer video company in Bangalore & animation video makers in Bangalore, Chennai, India & Maryland, Baltimore, USA provides Corporate & Brand films, Promotional, Marketing videos & Training videos, Product demo videos, Employee videos, Product video explainers, eLearning videos, 2d Animation, 3d Animation, Motion Graphics, Whiteboard Explainer videos Client Testimonial Videos, Video Presentation and more for all start-ups, industries, and corporate companies. From scripting to corporate video production services, explainer & 3d, 2d animation video production , our solutions are customized to your budget, timeline, and to meet the company goals and objectives.
    As a best video production company in Bangalore, we produce quality and creative videos to our clients.

    ReplyDelete
  110. Waterproof Economy Tarpaulin
    are available at Low price. Visit us Buy Tarpaulins Now to get ideal Budget Tarpaulin for Your Requirements.

    ReplyDelete
  111. Most of educational information over different kinds of blogs do not such supportive as supportive all the points of this blog. You need not to find any other platform to verify the data stated here.Cargo to Pakistan

    ReplyDelete
  112. Hi Thank you for sharing this wonderful article. You describe all the points so well.
    Greetings from ATS Consultantx! We provide the E Filing Tax Portal under the supervision of professional consultants. Which allow to salary individuals or others to register and file their tax returns with an easy and affordable slant. The purpose of this affords to help taxpayers in order to mitigate their fear about FBR and empower them as responsible citizens of Pakistan.
    E Filing Tax Portal
    Salary Tax Calculator
    Business Tax Calculator
    Rental Tax Calculator
    Register NTN
    File My Return
    ATS Blogs
    ATS Services

    ReplyDelete
  113. Thanks for the interesting content. I like your post and your blog is amazing.
    If you are interested in Video Downloader apps you can check my blog site. It is new and really informative.

    ps vita emulator for pc free download

    ReplyDelete
  114. Awesome article, it was exceptionally helpful! I simply began in this and I'm becoming more acquainted with it better! Cheers, keep doing awesome! indian samosa

    ReplyDelete
  115. Economy tarpaulins as the name shows are low price sheets with premium quality. They are made from polythene with different density at different points. They are UV Protected and shrink-proof. These Economy Tarpaulins are resistant up to minus 20 degrees. These Economy Tarpaulins are widely used in Agriculture. They are also used for boating, camping, and home garden covers.

    ReplyDelete
  116. """Why Hamdan car rental service?
    rent a car islamabad
    Hamdan car rental service is providing the best service all over Pakistan Karachi Lahore Islamabad Multan Faisalabad Peshawar Quetta Sukkur Sahiwal Abbottabad Mansehra Haripur Murree Naran Kagan Hunza Gilgit Balochistan Chicha Watani Hyderabad China Border Kashmir Malakand And More Areas. Hamdan Rent Car is available with the largest flat service in Pakistan. Rent a car in islamabad"""

    ReplyDelete
  117. VRIT is top and best Engineering college in Sattenapalli, Guntur, AP. We provide a scholarly and vibrant learning environment that enables students achieve personal and professional growth.
    http://www.ngi.ac.in/

    ReplyDelete
  118. If you are looking for Rent a Car in Islamabad or Rent a Car Rawalpindi then you are on right place.
    Pakistan Qureshi Tours offer all types of cars for rent


    Rent A Car Islamabad

    ReplyDelete
  119. Our Waterproof Tarpaulins are also used to protect goods from rain, wind, and sunlight, and to keep the loads of open carts, trucks, and wood piles dry. These are best used as thermal covers that keep you warm and comfortable

    ReplyDelete
  120. I really enjoyed your blog Thanks for sharing such an informative post. Good Job, Keep it up..


    ui ux course
    PHP Course
    ui ux course
    .net course singapore
    python course

    ReplyDelete
  121. I am glad that I saw this post. It is informative blog for us and we need this type of blog thanks for share this blog, Keep posting such instructional blogs and I am looking forward for your future posts. Word frequency

    ReplyDelete
  122. The Tarps UK Tarpaulins are the most comprehensive in the market, available in various sizes, strengths and colors. The quality of these sheets makes us different from other stores.

    ReplyDelete
  123. laweekly.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-18-at-11.03. TestClear provides users with an affordable and effective product for an upcoming drug test. They have amazing reviews and customers are always very impressed by the accuracy of this potent synthetic urine. For being so effective, the kit comes at a very affordable price point of $49.

    ReplyDelete
  124. Thank you for your post It is really helpful for me Car Mechanic Adelaide

    ReplyDelete
  125. Thanks for sharing the best article. I would like to share this Web Design Adelaide

    ReplyDelete
  126. The depth of articles can easily be felt of this blog. Very precise and straight to the mark. I understood easily the matter of fact which the author of this blog wanted to deliver through his thoughts. Looking for more. Word frequency counter

    ReplyDelete

  127. Very good article thnx for sharing energetic information. i really appreciate u.U work more to promte website.
    keep it,blog Upload on regularly. I read the blog on a daily base.
    "Get the best home tutor in Karachi At your Doorstep. Best Tutor Academy in Karachi For All Classes and Subject


    Jinnah Tutor Academy In Karachi is a trusted tutor academy by parents and children, well-known for its compatibility in a variety of subjects, extensive experienced Home tutor in Karachi to cover loads of curriculum, and determination to guide students on the career-changing path through home tuition.


    We are a team of high-qualified, award-winning, top-rated &Home Tutors professional teachers that not just help students study in crucial hours but also prepare them for future academic challenges.

    ReplyDelete
  128. Our Heavy weight Tarpaulin Sheets are made for the protection of the objects and goods which we keep outside. The weight of these sheets is heavy because heavy material is used.

    ReplyDelete
  129. Krogers Survey gives you the opportunity to win 50 fuel points. Kroger Feedback is an online website where people can get prizes of up to $5000.www.krogerfeedback.com

    ReplyDelete
  130. I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. I am hoping the same best work from you in the future as well. In fact your creative writing abilities has inspired me to start my own BlogEngine blog now. Really the blogging is spreading its wings rapidly. Your write up is a fine example of it. Fast cargo

    ReplyDelete
  131. Very useful Post. I found so many interesting stuff in your Blog especially its discussion. Pak Direct Cargo offers the generally professional UK to Pak Cargo Service to the clients.

    Pak Cargo

    ReplyDelete
  132. You have given a clear information about the atomic integer in java 7 and java 8. Its very useful for us. Thank you for the wonderful blog.

    Acculer Media Technologies is the Best Website Design & Development Company in Coimbatore. We Providing Complete Web Solutions and Services, Online Marketing, Digital Marketing Services, Search Engine Optimisation (SEO), Social Media Marketing (SMM).

    ReplyDelete
  133. Thanks for sharing this information.

    Entry2Exit visitor management system is a perfect tool to install at the check-in area. With our integrated visitor management system Dubai, all types of visitors can be catered to in an organization without using a second product or complicated integration.

    ReplyDelete
  134. Informative content. Thanks for sharing.

    ReplyDelete
  135. Heavy Duty Tarpaulins are made from polyethylene, PVC and polypropylene materials. PVC tarps are mostly used as truck covers while the tarps made from polyethylene and polypropylene are used for grain bunker covers and large shelters. These Tarps are available in different sizes and weights which makes them flexible to use in different conditions.

    ReplyDelete
  136. Get the opportunity to study in the CLAT Coaching Institutes . I would like to introduce you to the best law coaching academy in Delhi. They provide specialized training utilizing advanced teaching methods. Aspirants should consider these law coaching institutes if they want to prepare for CLAT.



    ReplyDelete
  137. From SEO services and social media marketing to Google ads management and web development, our dedicated digital team at Brandcare Digital provides the best digital marketing strategy to maximize your online potential.

    marketing agency dubai

    ReplyDelete
  138. Your article was very informative and helpful. Thanks for sharing this valuable information with us Keep Blogging.
    CLICK HERE ratti gali tour package

    ReplyDelete
  139. Your article was very informative and helpful. Thanks for sharing this valuable information with us Keep Blogging.
    best Psychiatrist in Lahore

    ReplyDelete
  140. We need SEO for our website to increase the sales,leads and traffic to increase our digital business or online business in this modern world

    https://akhzir.com/search-engine-optimization/

    seo services in lahore

    ReplyDelete
  141. We need SEO for our website to increase the sales,leads and traffic to increase our digital business or online business in this modern world

    seo services in lahore

    ReplyDelete
  142. Thank you for the best blog and i bookmarked this blog and check this best Website Design Dubai

    ReplyDelete